Following a labour dispute in September 1995, several hundred Liverpool
dockers were dismissed for refusing to cross a picket line. More than a year
later, the dockworkers are still gathered at the entrance to the port of
Liverpool in their continuing struggle for reinstatement. Their work is now
being done by non-union casual labour.
The background to the dispute is described by some of the participants: a
small incident about overtime terms escalated into a major struggle between
workers and employers. One docker speaks about the importance of the 'rate for
the job' which is now being undercut by stevedore employment agencies. Another
tells of the importance of the dispute not only to the dockers themselves but to
the future of their children, whose working conditions are also at stake.
Dockers describe how, until 1967, dockworkers were hired by the day at the
whim of the foremen - in the 'bad old days' (the same system is seen in the
classic American film On the Waterfront) . Retired dockers speak about this
"disgraceful, obnoxious" system.
Archive footage and commentary illustrate how this casual employment system
ended in 1967 after an all-out strike, and the National Dock Labour Scheme was
established. Under the scheme, work was shared on a rota system and dockers were
paid even if there were no ships to unload albeit at a lower rate. This scheme
was abolished by the Thatcher government in 1989 and, after early protest
strikes around the country had crumbled, only Liverpool stood firm, until
persuaded to return to work by leading officials of the Transport and General
Workers' Union. The employers gave assurances that there would be no return to
casualisation. However, small stevedore companies partly owned by Mersey Docks
and Harbour Company were soon set up to supply casual labour to work in the
docks.
In September 1995 there was a local dispute about overtime terms at one of
the small companies supplying staff to the docks. The managing director sacked
the five workers concerned and the situation escalated until several hundred
staff were sacked for refusing to work until their colleagues were
reinstated.
One year on, the dockers are falling into hardship. At an international
delegates' meeting union representatives from around the world offer their
support. One declares that "If you win, every place in the world is going to
win". However, the leaders of the Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU)
say that legislation prevents them from taking much action. One docker declares
"If the law's wrong we have to fight it," and is proud of not crossing a picket
line.
The dockworkers and their supporters group, Women of the Waterfront (WoW), go
to the Trades Union Congress (TUC) conference at Blackpool. WoW spokeswoman
Doreen McNally speaks to Bill Morris, General Secretary of the TGWU. He speaks
to the dockers at a closed meeting, after which dockers recount their
disappointment at the lack of union support. They feel that the law is being
used as "a flimsy excuse."
There is an international day of action on 30 September, during which dockers
around the world take action to support the Liverpool dockers. Donations and
letters of support are received at a meeting in Liverpool.
Women talk together about their continued struggle and their attempts to
approach the wives of the directors of the Port company, who decline to get
involved - to the amazement of the wives of the dockers, who are very much
engaged with their husbands' working lives.
There is a march to support the dockers with many banners of solidarity
including the slogan "Who's side are you on Tony Blair?" The situation remains
unresolved at the close of the programme.